What are the types and uses of medical gases?

I. Types of medical gases

Medical gases are gases used in medical procedures. Some are used for treatment, some for anesthesia, and still others to drive medical devices and tools. There are seven commonly used gases: oxygen, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, argon, helium, carbon dioxide, and compressed air.

The medical gas system also includes a negative pressure suction system and an anesthetic gas discharge system.

two. Properties and uses of medical gases

(1) Oxygen

The molecular formula for oxygen is O2. It is a strong oxidizing agent and accelerator. High concentration of oxygen, when encountered with fat oxidation, produces a strong reaction, and even high temperature combustion, explosion, so in the "code" building design fire protection is listed as a Class b fire hazard material. However, oxygen is also a more critical substance to sustain life and is medically used to supplement oxygen in hipoxicos patients. Tianmao gas tells you that directly inhaling high-purity oxygen is harmful to the human body. The oxygen concentration is generally not more than 30 ~ 40% when used for a long time. Common patients use humidifier bottle for oxygen supply; Critically ill patients get oxygen through a ventilator. Oxygen is also used in high-pressure silos to treat diving illnesses, gas poisoning, and drug atomization.

(2) Nitrous oxide

Nitrous oxide has the molecular formula N2O. It is a colorless, aromatic, sweet gas. After a person inhales a small amount, the facial muscles will spasm and an expression of laughter will appear. For this reason, it is often referred to as laughing gas. Nitrous oxide is non-reactive and non-corrosive at room temperature. Nitrous oxide is decomposed into nitrogen and oxygen at temperatures above 650 ° C, which has an auxiliary combustion effect. At high temperatures, pressure of more than 15 atmospheres causes fat to burn. Tianmao gas recommendation: After inhaling a small amount of nitrous oxide, it has an anesthetic and analgesic effect, but a large amount of inhalation will cause people to suffocate. In medicine, a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen is used as an anesthetic and is enclosed by inhaling the patient or a ventilator for anesthesia. The use of nitrous oxide as anesthetic has the advantages of short induction cycle, good analgesic effect, quick awakening, and no adverse effects on respiration, liver and kidney function. However, it has a slight inhibitory effect on the heart muscle, muscle relaxation is incomplete, and the effect of general anesthesia is weak. Nitrous oxide is used only as an anesthetic. It is only suitable for minor dental and surgical procedures such as tooth extraction, fracture recovery, abscess opening, and surgical sutures. It is often used in combination with barbiturates, succinylcholine, opioids, cyclopropane, and ether to increase the effectiveness of major surgery.

(3) Carbon dioxide

The molecular formula for carbon dioxide is CO2, commonly known as carbonate. In laparoscopic and fibrous colonoscopies, carbon dioxide is medically used to inflate the abdominal cavity and colon. In addition, it is used in the laboratory to grow (anaerobic) bacteria. Carbon dioxide can be converted into pressurized (5.2 atmospheres) and cooled (below -56.6 °c) dry ice. Dry ice in medicine is used in cryotherapy to treat cataracts, blood vessel diseases and so on.

(4) Argon and helium

The formula for argon is Ar, and the formula for helium is He. They are a colorless, odorless, non-toxic gas. It is used for surgical instruments such as argon knife and helium knife.

(5) Compressed air

Compressed air is used to transfer energy to oral surgery instruments, orthopedic instruments, ventilators, etc.

(6) Nitrogen

The molecular formula for nitrogen is N2. It is a colorless, odorless, non-toxic, non-combustible gas. It does not react at room temperature and generally does not react chemically with metals. Used in medicine to drive medical devices and tools. Liquid nitrogen is often used in surgery, oral cavity, gynecology, ophthalmology cryotherapy treatment of hemangioma, skin cancer, acne, hemorrhoids, rectal cancer, various polyps, cataracts, glaucoma and artificial insemination.

Three. Hospital departments that use medical gases

Medical gas is mainly used in the operating room, pre-anesthesia room, recovery room, debridement room, obstetrics and gynecology department, icu room and general room.